The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the first diabetes treatment in a new class of drugs known as DPP-4 inhibitors. Januvia (sitagliptin phosphate) tablets help improve blood glucose (sugar) control in people with type 2 diabetes. The drug works by blocking the enzyme DPP-4. This enzyme breaks down proteins that raise insulin levels after glucose levels rise, such as after a meal. By blocking the enzyme’s action, Januvia prolongs the activity of proteins that increase insulin release. This raises the level of insulin in the blood, which in turn helps lower the level of glucose in the blood. Januvia tablets should be taken to improve glucose levels, while maintaining a balanced diet and an exercise program. They can also be taken in combination with the commonly prescribed diabetes drugs metformin or a PPAR agent if these medications alone—again, with diet and exercise—don’t control blood sugar. (FDA)